Automatic stereo library Analysis of automation system in
automation Stereoscopic library Mechanical equipment generally includes high-rise shelves, lane stackers, inbound and outbound conveying and handling machinery.
1、 High shelf
1. Light load high shelf
The height of the light load shelf is 5~10m, and the storage unit is containers such as plastic baskets. The storage weight is 50~100kg. Generally, light and small goods are suitable for storage, such as electronic parts, precision machine parts, automobile parts, drugs and cosmetics.
2. Unit load type high-rise shelf
The height of the unit loaded high-rise shelf can reach 40m, and the storage capacity can reach more than 100000 pallet units. It is suitable for large warehouses, with the general height of 6-15m and the storage capacity of 100-1000 pallet units. With the continuous progress of warehouse automation technology, the access time is getting faster and faster. Take the access of 100 pallet units as an example, the average access time is 70s/pallet.
2、 Roadway stacker
Roadway stacker crane, also known as roadway stacker crane, is an important handling equipment of Z in automated three-dimensional warehouse. It is a special crane developed with the emergence of three-dimensional warehouse, and is dedicated to elevated warehouse.
Roadway stacker generally consists of frame, running mechanism, lifting mechanism, cab, fork telescopic mechanism, electrical control equipment, etc.
1. Tunnel type single column stacker
The stacker frame with single column structure is composed of a column and a lower beam. The columns are mostly welded with larger H-shaped steel, and guide rails are attached to the columns. The whole machine is light and consumes less materials, so the manufacturing cost is relatively low, but the rigidity is slightly poor. The parameters of the device are shown below.
Main performance: warehouse height is 6~24m, Z is 40m;
Operating speed: standard type 80m/min, high-speed type 200m/min;
Lifting height: standard type Hmax=20m/min, high-speed type Hmax=50m/min;
Telescopic speed of fork: Vmax=12m/min (standard), 50m/min (high-speed).
2. Double column roadway stacker
The machine frame is composed of two columns, upper beam and lower beam to form a rectangular frame. The column forms include square tube and round tube. The square tube is also used as the lifting guide rail, and the round tube needs to be attached with the lifting guide rail.
3、 Peripheral handling system, control system and loading unloading and stacking robot
The laneway machine can only carry out the access operation in the laneway, and the goods need to be transported through the surrounding supporting mechanical facilities.
The peripheral handling system includes handling and conveying equipment, automatic guided vehicles, robots, forklifts, trolleys, pallets, etc. Its function is to cooperate with the roadway stacker to complete the cargo transportation, handling, sorting and other operations, and can also temporarily replace other major handling systems, so that the automatic access system can maintain its work and complete the inbound and outbound operations of goods.
1. RGV Rail Guide Vehicle
In the automatic logistics system, general equipment such as chain, roller table and belt conveyor are mainly used for material transportation, which are generally fixed on the ground. Install the above equipment onto the walking wheel and move along the fixed path to become a shuttle car. The shuttle has the characteristics of dynamic load transfer, which can make the transportation of materials between different stations and the layout of the conveyor line more compact and simple, thus improving the efficiency of material transportation. Therefore, shuttle buses are widely used in automated logistics systems.
Generally speaking, the conveying equipment traveling along the fixed track is called the shuttle car (RGV), the trackless is called the automatic guided vehicle (AGV), and the aerial conveying is called the suspended trolley (EMS). In terms of track form, shuttle cars can be divided into reciprocating straight shuttle cars and circular shuttle cars. The circular shuttle car can run multiple car bodies on the same track, which can greatly improve the handling capacity and is the development trend of shuttle cars. At present, the speed of domestic shuttle bus is generally 120~200m/min. In the baggage sorting system of foreign airports, the shuttle bus Z with contactless energy transmission technology has a high travel speed of 600m/min.
The shuttle car (RGV) constrains and guides the trolley operation through guide rails or ground chains. It has two sets of transmission mechanisms: transmission mechanism and motion mechanism. The constraint guide rail of the shuttle car (RGV) consists of double track and single track.
2. Roller conveyor
Roller conveyor is divided into power type and non power type; The unpowered type has a certain slope, so that the goods can move from the high end to the low end by their own gravity;
The power type is composed of a series of neatly arranged rollers with certain intervals; 3-4 rollers support one piece of goods at the same time.
3. Chain conveyor
(1) Loaded chain conveyor
(2) Flat roof plate chain conveyor
(3) Suspension chain conveyor
(4) Chain hoist
4、 Automatic Guided Vehicle (AGV)
Automatic Guided Vehicle (AGV) is a transport vehicle equipped with electromagnetic or optical automatic guidance devices, which can travel along the specified guidance path, and has safety protection and various load transfer functions. It is one of the key equipment in the automated logistics system.
AGV is an unmanned automatic car under the control of computer and wireless local area network, guided by magnetic, laser and other guiding devices and running along the path set by the program to complete the operation. AGV has safety protection and various load transfer functions. It is battery driven (AC, DC) and is one of the key equipment in the automated logistics system. It provides a highly flexible and automated transportation mode for modern manufacturing logistics and automated three-dimensional warehouse.
It has the basic functions of guiding driving, site identification and load handover.
5、 Stacker and stacking robot
In the automated stereo library system, palletizers or robots are widely used to complete the work of stacking and unstacking.
1. Robot automatic packing and stacking workstation
It is an integrated system, which includes industrial robot, controller, programmer, robot gripper, automatic disk disassembling/stacking machine, pallet conveying and positioning equipment and stacking mode software. It is also equipped with automatic weighing, labeling, detection and communication systems, and connected with the production control system to form a complete integrated packaging production line. Robot automatic packing and stacking workstation can be used in building materials, home appliances, electronics, chemical fiber, automobile, food and other industries.
The specific applications of robot automatic packing and stacking workstation are as follows:
(1) Simple workstation for stacking at the end of the production line: this flexible stacking system unloads materials from the conveyor line, stacks workpieces, adds layers of cushions, etc., and is followed by a conveyor line to send the palletized pallets away.
(2) Stacking/destacking workstation: this flexible stacking system can stack three different cargoes into one stack, and the robot can also grab the pallet and layer cushion. When one stack is full, it will be automatically output by the conveyor line.
(3) Stacking in the production line: the workpiece is grabbed at the positioning point of the conveyor line and placed on two different pallets, and the layer cushion is also grabbed by the robot. Pallets and full stacks are automatically output or input through the line body.
(4) Complex workstation for stacking at the end of the production line: workpieces come from three different lines, they are grabbed and placed on three different pallets, and the layer mats are also grabbed by robots. Pallets and full stacks are automatically output or input from the line body.
6、 Automatic sorter equipment
Sorting refers to the operation of stacking articles by category according to the variety and the order of entry and exit. This work can be carried out manually or automatically. It can sort goods continuously and in large batches, with extremely low sorting error rate and basically unmanned sorting operation.
1. Applicable conditions of automatic sorting system
(1) The one-time investment is huge (it needs to build mechanical transmission lines ranging from 40-50 meters to 150-200 meters long, as well as supporting electromechanical control systems, computer networks and communication systems).
(2) High requirements for external packaging of goods (only suitable for sorting goods with flat bottom and rigid packaging rules).
In order to enable most commodities to be automatically sorted by machinery, the following measures can be taken: (a) promote standardized packaging to make the packaging of most commodities conform to national standards; (b) Customize a specific sorter according to the uniform packaging characteristics of most goods sorted.
2. Composition of automatic sorting system
The automatic sorting system has a wide range of types, generally consisting of control devices, sorting devices, conveying devices and sorting crossings. The above four devices are connected together through the computer network to form a complete automatic sorting system with manual control and corresponding manual processing links.
(1) The function of the control device is to identify, receive and process the sorting signal, indicate the sorting device according to the requirements of the sorting signal, and automatically sort the goods according to the variety of goods, the place of delivery of goods, or the category of the owner.
(2) The function of the sorting device is to change the running direction of the goods on the conveyor to enter other conveyors or sorting crossings when the goods with the same sorting signal pass through the device according to the sorting instructions sent by the control device.
(3) The main component of the conveyor is the conveyor belt or conveyor, which is mainly used to make the goods to be sorted flow through the control device and classification device.
(4) A sorting crossing is a passage for sorted goods to leave the main conveyor and enter the cargo collection area. Generally, steel belts, belts, rollers, etc. form a slide to make the goods slide from the main conveyor to the cargo collection platform, where the staff will collect all goods at the crossing, store them in the warehouse, or assemble loading vehicles and distribute them.
3. Type of automatic sorting system
There are more than 10 different types of automatic sorting systems, which are basically divided into linear sorting systems and circular sorting systems. Linear sorting system mainly includes slide sorter, roller sorter, roller sorter, etc; The circular sorting system mainly includes tilting tray sorter and cross belt sorter; Others are push rod sorters and vertical sorters.
Cargo conveyor: steel belt conveyor, belt conveyor, tray conveyor, roller conveyor, etc.
Common automatic sorting mechanisms include push out type, floating guide wheel steering wheel, tilt plate mechanism, etc.
